AI Ethics Cheat Sheet — Quick Rules for Right and Wrong AI Use

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How to read this

Practical ethical rules for AI use. Most are universal; some are Australian-specific. When you’re unsure whether AI use is ethical, run through these.


The five questions before any AI use

Before using AI for anything significant, ask:

1. Who benefits?

  • You? Your client? Your employer? Everyone? Yourself only?
  • Is the benefit fair?

2. Who could be harmed?

  • Direct: specific people affected
  • Indirect: trust, society, environment
  • Potential vs likely

3. Am I being transparent?

  • Would I be comfortable if everyone knew?
  • Am I claiming AI work as fully my own?
  • Are stakeholders aware?
  • People’s choices about their data
  • People’s right to know
  • People’s ability to opt out

5. Am I maintaining accountability?

  • Who’s responsible if something goes wrong?
  • Am I keeping records?
  • Can I justify my choices?

If you can’t answer comfortably: reconsider.


Always disclose

You should always disclose AI use when:

  • 🔴 Submitting work for assessment (school, university)
  • 🔴 Publishing or broadcasting to public audience
  • 🔴 Required by professional/regulatory standards
  • 🔴 Required by your employer or client contract
  • 🔴 The output would be assessed differently if known as AI
  • 🔴 For commercial content where audiences expect human creation
  • 🔴 In journalism contexts
  • 🔴 For academic publishing
  • 🔴 When asked directly
  • 🔴 For AI-generated images of real people or situations
  • 🔴 For AI-generated quotes or testimonials
  • 🔴 For AI customer service (customers should know)

Disclosure formats:

  • “This document was prepared with AI assistance for [purpose]”
  • “AI-generated image” or “AI illustration”
  • “Drafted with AI; reviewed and edited by [name]”
  • “Generated using [specific tool]“

Never do (regardless of who’s watching)

  • Submit AI work as fully your own when authenticity matters (academic, professional, creative)
  • Fabricate quotes, sources, or citations
  • Create deepfakes of real people without consent
  • Clone voices without consent
  • Generate fake reviews (illegal under Australian Consumer Law)
  • Manipulate vulnerable people through AI
  • Use AI to scam or defraud
  • Generate child sexual abuse material
  • Generate non-consensual sexual content of anyone
  • Misrepresent humans as AI or AI as humans in ways that mislead

Things to verify before relying

  • Every citation AI provides (frequently fabricated)
  • Specific numbers and statistics (often hallucinated)
  • Names and dates (frequently wrong)
  • Legal claims (verify against authoritative sources)
  • Medical information (verify with healthcare professional)
  • Financial advice (verify with financial professional)
  • Quotes attributed to people (often misattributed)
  • Current information (AI has training cutoffs)
  • Australian-specific information (often US-biased)

The professional responsibility principle

If you’re a professional (doctor, lawyer, accountant, engineer, etc.):

AI is a tool that may augment your work. AI is NOT a substitute for your professional accountability.

  • You remain accountable for decisions
  • Professional standards still apply
  • Documentation requirements continue
  • Indemnity considerations matter
  • Client/patient interests come first

For Australian professionals:

  • AHPRA for health practitioners
  • CPA Australia / CAANZ for accountants
  • Law Societies for lawyers
  • Engineers Australia for engineers
  • Professional bodies generally

All have AI guidance — read yours.


Privacy quick rules

Never put into AI tools:

  • Passwords, credentials, 2FA codes
  • Bank account numbers, full credit card numbers
  • Tax File Numbers, Medicare numbers, passport numbers
  • Other people’s identifying information without consent
  • Confidential client/patient information (use enterprise tools with DPA)
  • Sensitive personal information you wouldn’t share publicly
  • Children’s identifying information
  • Indigenous cultural information without protocols

Always consider:

  • Where the AI provider stores data (Australia? US? China?)
  • Whether they train on your data (most enterprise: no)
  • Whether DPA covers Australian Privacy Act (APP 8)
  • Records management obligations

The “harm to others” check

For content AI generates, ask:

  • Could this be used to defraud someone?
  • Could this damage someone’s reputation falsely?
  • Could this be sexual content of a non-consenting person?
  • Could this manipulate someone’s choices unfairly?
  • Could this be used for harassment?
  • Could this contribute to misinformation?
  • Could this affect democratic processes?

If yes to any: don’t generate, or generate with significant safeguards.


For specific high-stakes contexts

Healthcare

  • AI as decision support, never decision-maker for clinical care
  • Patient consent for AI use
  • TGA framework for medical device AI
  • Documentation and clinical accountability
  • Citation verification non-negotiable
  • Confidentiality and privilege
  • Court expectations
  • Professional indemnity considerations

Education

  • Academic integrity
  • Disclosure of AI use
  • Maintaining genuine learning
  • School/university policies

Finance and tax

  • Verify with ATO/professional bodies
  • AFSL/TASA considerations
  • Don’t provide unauthorised advice
  • Honest dealings with clients

Journalism

  • Verify every fact
  • Source confidentiality
  • Quote integrity
  • Disclosure expectations

Government

  • Agency frameworks
  • Public trust
  • Procedural fairness
  • Records management

HR and recruitment

  • Anti-discrimination laws
  • Privacy of candidates
  • Fair Work Act
  • Human oversight of decisions

Research

  • Research ethics
  • Honest representation of methods
  • Reproducibility
  • Citation and attribution

The “would I be comfortable” test

For any AI use, ask:

“Would I be comfortable if the people affected knew everything about how I’m using AI?”

If yes: proceed. If no: reconsider.

Variations:

  • “Would my client be comfortable?”
  • “Would my regulator be comfortable?”
  • “Would my employer be comfortable?”
  • “Would my family be comfortable?”
  • “Would the affected community be comfortable?”

When AI is the wrong tool entirely

For these situations, AI is the WRONG tool:

  • Crisis support → human services (Lifeline, Beyond Blue, etc.)
  • Medical emergencies → 000 or hospital
  • Mental health emergencies → professional services
  • Legal emergencies → lawyer
  • Specific clinical decisions → qualified clinician
  • Specific legal advice → qualified lawyer
  • Specific financial advice → licensed financial adviser
  • Replacing human connection → other humans
  • Major life decisions without your judgment → your judgment + advisors

The honesty principles

To yourself

  • Honest about AI’s role in your work
  • Honest about your understanding
  • Honest about what you’ve verified

To others

  • Honest about AI use when expected
  • Honest in content you produce
  • Honest in attributions

About AI

  • Honest about its capabilities (and limitations)
  • Honest about its errors
  • Honest about your dependence

Don’t be fooled

Don’t believe AI is “intelligent” the way humans are

  • AI is sophisticated pattern matching
  • AI doesn’t understand the way humans understand
  • AI’s confidence isn’t knowledge

Don’t trust AI confidence

  • Confidence isn’t accuracy
  • Plausibility isn’t truth
  • Verify important claims

Don’t anthropomorphise inappropriately

  • AI doesn’t care about you
  • AI doesn’t remember you (without explicit memory)
  • AI is software, not friend

Don’t assume neutrality

  • AI training data has biases
  • AI outputs reflect training
  • Bias awareness matters

Context-specific quick rules

Working with children

  • Adult supervision
  • Privacy heightened
  • Age-appropriate content
  • School policies

Working with vulnerable populations

  • Heightened consent
  • Cultural sensitivity
  • Trauma-informed approach
  • Specialist guidance

Indigenous Australians

  • AIATSIS data sovereignty
  • Cultural protocols
  • Indigenous-led where relevant
  • Engage Indigenous voices

Multicultural Australia

  • Cultural humility
  • Translation accuracy
  • Community engagement
  • Avoid stereotyping

Disability community

  • Accessibility considered
  • “Nothing about us without us”
  • Disabled people in development
  • Don’t make assumptions

LGBTIQ+ community

  • Inclusive language
  • Avoid stereotypes
  • Specific community knowledge

When in doubt

When facing an ethical AI question:

  1. Pause — don’t just proceed
  2. Consider whose interests are affected
  3. Apply principles above
  4. Seek advice from colleagues, professional bodies, ethics resources
  5. Document your reasoning
  6. Choose the more conservative path if genuinely unsure

It’s better to under-use AI ethically than over-use AI unethically.


Australian-specific resources

Government

  • Australian Government AI Ethics Principles
  • Office of the Australian Information Commissioner (OAIC)
  • Australian Human Rights Commission
  • Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA)

Industry bodies

  • Most have ethical guidance for AI use

Education

  • Each university has academic integrity policy

Health

  • AHPRA and professional boards

Cultural

  • AIATSIS for Indigenous
  • Various multicultural bodies

The bottom line

AI is a powerful tool. With power comes responsibility. The technology helps; the ethics are yours.

  • Use AI to amplify your good work
  • Don’t use AI to shortcut professional responsibilities
  • Be honest about AI use
  • Verify what matters
  • Respect people’s autonomy and consent
  • Maintain your accountability
  • Stay aware of impacts beyond yourself

See also


Sources

  • Australian Government AI Ethics Principles (2019, updated)
  • Various professional body ethics codes
  • Personal experience navigating AI ethics
  • AI ethics research community
  • Practical wisdom of Australian professional ethics traditions